What do you have to do when you're done with writing your book and you want to get it published? Do you have to pay some money for it? What's the whole procedure?

The first thing you normally need to do is get an agent. Very few publishers accept unsolicited manuscripts from first time authors, so the usual procedure is to find an agent who will do the approaching for them.
The best way to find an agent is to get a copy of The Writers and Artists Yearbook, or any other reputable writers publication, who lists agents and their specialisations. Don't send your entire manuscript to them, send a letter, a small sample of your work (the first chapter and a brief summary of the novel is usual) and enquire whether they would be interested in reading it. Try not to send off to more than one agent at once, as if you turn someone down after wasting their time it can get you a bad reputation that gets fed back to publishers.

Normally your agent works for a percentage of your cut from sales of the book (you will have to negotiate this as figure very widely). They will normally expect you to pay some small contribution upfront admin and costs, but be very wary of anyone who wants you to pay them upfront to read their manuscript, or want huge amounts to send it off to a publisher. If an agent has confidence in their ability to spot talent they will believe that they can sell your book, and that they will make the money once it is published.

If a publisher is enthusiastic about a book they will offer you something called an "advance" a payment made in lieu of the authors percentage of profit from the amount of books they expect to sell. Once a book "earns out" (sells more than the projected advance) you receive a percentage of each sale made (this is usually small- around 7%- so don't give up the day job just because your book's been expected).

Sometimes you will not be offered an advance- just a percentage agreement. In both cases your agent will negotiate a contract- which you have the absolute right (and responsibility) to look over yourself- although be wary of demanding too much. If its your first book, I'm afraid you are very much under the publishers thumb.

If you have problems with this, or don't like the sound of the process you have an option of self-publishing. This is where you essentially pay a company to print copies of your book and carry out all marketing and sales and registration of ISBN numbers yourself. This can be costly and hard work, and although self-published titles do sometimes sell well, they tend not to do as well as others, simply because they don't have the marketing resources. You can find hundreds of companies who will print your book if you just google "book printing". You can also try "self-publishing" but be wary of so-called "vanity publishers" who often lure unsuspecting writers into contracts printing more books than they could ever hope to sell and then having to pay for books that end up just sitting in the cupboard. Make sure you retain control of how many books you print, and never sign a contract before having it looked over by a legal proffesional.

Well the first step should be to get a literary agent. You can send your manuscript to several at a time. This step is not necessary, but can be useful. You won't have to pay the literary agent. They will however, earn a certain percentage of the income from your book if you get it published. After the agent, your agent will try to get the book published with all of the major publishing companies. If they succeed a contract will be made. You DON'T PAY THE PUBLISHER ANYTHING! They should be happy to publish your book in return for the money it will bring them. If they say they need 5,000 for the process of publishing, then they're a vanity publisher. Not something that you want to get involved with. They'll drain you of all of your cash, and your book will be in about 2 bookshops worldwide. Anyway, if you're successful, then the publisher get's some money, the agent get's some money, and you get some money. I reccommend the writer's and artist's yearbook, it's where I got all my information :)

just a little note: all the answers for this are like pages long haha...

If you are looking for self-publishing companies to publish your book, I know of a few companies that practically holds court to everything a book needs from getting you your copyright, book cover design customization, layout consultation, copyediting and even marketing – at affordable costs.
Xlibris is one of those companies that cater to practically all book requirements.

The good thing about self-publishing companies is that they have programs that will already cover the part where your book will be copyrighted.

First is that you have to customize a plan that will work best with your book. List all the things your book needs such as book cover customization, editing, marketing, etc.

Second, find a publishing company that has everything your book requires. I know XLIBRIS has programs that are quite affordable and fits just what your book requires.

Third, go through production process and then see if the book meets your standards.
I hope this helps.

You can actually get free information about self-publishing here:
http://www.xlibris.com/requestkit/index.asp?src=aop&key=qak

Like Lady Fuschia said, very few publishers will even look at unsolicited manuscripts these days. An agent can help you polish and package your book so it has a better chance of being accepted -- if it has a viable market. Good books are wonderful things, but publishers make a product, and if it won't sell, they tend not to publish it. They are a business after all.

Many agents work on commission (they get 10-15% of the take) but are also very choosy which projects they will take, as their reputation is on the line with every pitch.

You could look also at self-publishing your book. This will cost you more out of pocket (you become the publisher and thus front the money for the project), but you retain all the rights to your book and get to choose how it's edited and designed. Plus, you retain all the profits from the sale of your book (unless you go through a vanity publisher, which is simply 'paying to publish' your book).

Self publishing ranges from almost free (you design the cover and interior) to full service (professionals handle all the details).

Printing your book can include Print-on-Demand, Short Run, or traditional long run lithographic printing, depending on how many books you need.

The publishing world is a vast and complex system, and you need to be careful who you trust--not everyone is looking out for your best interest.

I'd suggest you get a good book about the publishing business and educate yourself before diving in.

The Complete Idiot's Guide to Getting Published has tons of 5 star reviews on Amazon.com:
http://www.amazon.com/Complete-Idiots-Guide-Getting-Published/dp/1592575188/

Bethany Press Custom Solutions- Self Publishing Solutions for Christian Authors
http://bethanypress.com/

Usually you pay a publisher to publish your book. Unless your famous or a really good author then they pay you.