The Black Widow appeared for the first time in her trademark skintight black costume in The Amazing Spider-Man #86 (July 1970). In short order, the Widow starred in her own series in Amazing Adventures #1-8 (Aug. 1970 - Sept. 1971), sharing that split book with the feature The Inhumans. This introduced her chauffeur and confidant, Ivan Petrovitch, who was eventually revealed as the surrogate father who raised her after having rescued the child Natasha from the fire that killed her parents. Immediately after her initial solo series ended, the Black Widow became romantically involved with the superhero Daredevil, and co-starred in that character's namesake series from issue #81-124 (Nov. 1971 - August 1975). After their romantic breakup, the Widow moved to Los Angeles and became leader of the newly created and short-lived superteam The Champions, consisting of her, Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze), Hercules, and former X-Men The Angel and Iceman. The group's namesake comic ran 17 issues (Oct. 1975 - Jan. 1978). Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the Black Widow appeared frequently as both an Avengers member and a freelance agent of S.H.I.E.L.D She starred in a serialized feature within the omnibus comic book series Marvel Fanfare #10-13 (Aug. 1983 - March 1984), written by George Perez and Ralph Macchio, with art by penciler Perez. These stories were collected in the one-shot Black Widow: Web of Intrigue #1 (June 1999). The Widow guest-starred in issues of Solo Avengers, Force Works Iron Man, Marvel Team-Up, and other comics — including several mid-1980s issues of Daredevil, a four-issue arc in issues #368-371 (Oct. 1997 - Jan. 1998), and as a recurring guest in Daredevil Vol. 2 (series 1998-present). She co-starred in two graphic novels: Fury/Black Widow: Death Duty with Nick Fury and Marvel UK's Night Raven, and Punisher/Black Widow: Spinning Doomsday's Web with the Punisher. The Black Widow starred in a three-issue arc, "The Fire Next Time", by Scott Lobdell and Randy Green, in Journey into Mystery #517-519 (Feb.-April 1998). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Widow_%28comics%29