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A variety of conditions can give rise to pleurisy. The following list represents the most common sources of pleural inflammation.
- infections, including pneumonia, tuberculosis, and other bacterial or viral respiratory infections
- immune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and sarcoidosis
- diseases, including cancer, pancreatitis, liver cirrhosis, and heart or kidney failure
- injury, from a rib fracture, collapsed lung, esophagus rupture, blood clot, or material such as asbestos
- drug reactions, from certain drugs used to treat tuberculosis (isoniazid), cancer (methotrexate, procarbazine), or the immune disorders mentioned above (hydralazine, procainamide, phenytoin, quinidine)
Source: The Gale Group. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed.";