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A province is an area that has a provincial government and provincial powers, while a territory is owned by the federal government and does not have provincial governments. They rely more heavily on Federal Governments.
Canada has a constitution - the Constitution Act of 1982. The constitution talks about all sorts of things, like what our official languages are and what our individual rights are. The constitution works together with our system of laws to make up the rules of the country.
The constitution also indicates what provinces are a part of Canada and what the powers of those provinces are. For example, provinces have jurisdiction over education and the environment.
Territories on the other hand are created by Federal Law.
That means the territories have a bit less power than the provinces. They still have representation in the federal government, but don't have provincial governments.
The biggest difference is that the provinces get to vote on changes to the constitution but the territories do not.
http://www.al3malka.com/vb/f134.htm
the difference is that a territory is not an official branch of canada
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