ANSWERS: 2
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Yes, there is a big difference. Carbon is the element, it's most often a solid and depending on the formation of the atoms can take on different forms (like graphite, or diamonds) Carbon dioxide is the gas, it is a molecule made up of one Carbon atom with two Oxygen molecules bonded to it.
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"Carbon is a chemical element": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon "Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms.": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide
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