Christians only: Can you name any five writers of books (or of chapters within a book like Psalms) in the Bible? Please list their books.

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy = Moses - 1400 B.C.
Joshua = Joshua - 1350 B.C.
Judges, Ruth, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel = Samuel/Nathan/Gad - 1000 - 900 B.C.
1 Kings, 2 Kings = Jeremiah - 600 B.C.
1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah = Ezra - 450 B.C.
Esther = Mordecai - 400 B.C.
Job = Moses - 1400 B.C.
Psalms = several different authors, mostly David - 1000 - 400 B.C.
Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon = Solomon - 900 B.C.
Isaiah = Isaiah - 700 B.C.
Jeremiah, Lamentations = Jeremiah - 600 B.C.
Ezekiel = Ezekiel - 550 B.C.
Daniel = Daniel - 550 B.C.
Hosea = Hosea - 750 B.C.
Joel = Joel - 850 B.C.
Amos = Amos - 750 B.C.
Obadiah = Obadiah - 600 B.C.
Jonah = Jonah - 700 B.C.
Micah = Micah - 700 B.C.
Nahum = Nahum - 650 B.C.
Habakkuk = Habakkuk - 600 B.C.
Zephaniah = Zephaniah - 650 B.C.
Haggai = Haggai - 520 B.C.
Zechariah = Zechariah - 500 B.C.
Malachi = Malachi - 430 B.C.
Matthew = Matthew - A.D. 55
Mark = John Mark - A.D. 50
Luke = Luke - A.D. 60
John = John - A.D. 90
Acts = Luke - A.D. 65
Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon = Paul - A.D. 50-70
Hebrews = unknown, mostly likely Paul, Luke, Barnabas, or Apollos - A.D. 65
James = James - A.D. 45
1 Peter, 2 Peter = Peter - A.D. 60
1 John, 2 John, 3 John = John - A.D. 90
Jude = Jude - A.D. 60
Revelation = John - A.D. 90

Luke wrote the Gospel of Luke and Acts. He was Paul's physician and traveled with him. Paul mentioned several times the affliction of his stomach, but I don't imagine we know what exactly was wrong with him. I've heard some discussion that Luke and Acts were written as a trial deposition to prepare for Paul's hearing before Caesar.

King David wrote most of the Psalms. They were various songs that he wrote as prayers to God, depending on the situation he was in. Some are songs he sang to Saul (while Saul threw things at him), some were in response to his persecution under Saul and later under his son Absolom, some were laments in response to his own sin in taking Bathsheeba and sending her husband to the front to be killed.

Solomon wrote most of the Proverbs, the Song of Solomon and Ecclesiastes.

Moses is supposed to have written Genesis, Exodus, Deuteronomy, Numbers and Leviticus.

Now, most of these books were composed by the men listed, but they were actually written down by paid scribes, as most people were not literate then. However, even their names are often recorded at the end of the letter or book.

According to Tradition ...

Moses - Genesis, Exodus, Levitucs, Numbers, & Deuteronomy
Joshua - Joshua
Samuel - Judges, Ruth, and the early parts of 1Samuel
Nathan (& perhaps Gad) - the rest of 1Samuel and 2Samuel
Jeremiah - Jeremiah & Lamentations, and possibly 1&2Kings
Ezra - Ezra, Nehemiah, and 1&2Chronicles
Solomon - Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Psalm 72&127, and (some suggsted by some) Job
King David - most of the Psalms
Mordecai - Esther (Again - this is "tradition", though it's most unlikely considering how so much of the book is a paen to Mordecai. It was, however, almost certainly written by a Persian Jew in the 450-350 BC)

Each of the prophets, of course, wrote the book ascribed to them.

Likewise, the 4 Gospels were written by:

Matthew-Levi, the tax-collector
John-Mark, the cousin of Barnabas and sometimes assistant to Paul
Luke, the Physician and traveling companion of Paul - also wrote Acts
John, the son of Zebedee - also wrote 1-3John and the Revelation

As for the rest of the NT:

Paul/Saul of Tarsus - Romans, 1&2Corinthias, 1&2Thessalonians, Galatians, Ephesians, Colossians, Philippians, 1&2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon.
Simon-Peter - 1&2Peter
James the Just - James
Jude the Brother of the Lord - Jude

And no one knows who wrote Hebrews, though it was ascribed to Paul in the Middle Ages.

Moses is credited with writing the first five books of the Old Testament. Some also suspect he wrote the book of Job.

Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John the Beloved each have a gospel named for them in the New Testament. Additionally, Luke wrote the Acts of the Apostles; John wrote some general epistles and the Revelation of St. John. St. Paul is the most prolific author in the New Testament. Peter, James, and Jude also wrote epistles.

David wrote most of the Psalms.

John- Wrote The Gospel of John, three Epistles of John, and The Revelation of Saint John
-
Isaiah- The Book of Isaiah
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Jeremiah- Lamentations of Jeremiah
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Luke- The Gospel of Luke, and The Acts of the Apostles
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Paul- Epistles to The Romans, two to the Corinthians, the Galatians, the Ephisians, Philipians, Colosians, two to the Thessilonians, two to Timothy, Titus, Philimon, and possibly one to the Hebrews

Moses- Gen, Exudus, Lev, Deut, Numbers
Paul- Romans, Thessialians I & II, Corenthians I & II,
John- John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Rev
David- Psalms
Solomon- Songs

Without googling:

Moses wrote the first 4 or 5 books.
John wrote Revelation, John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John
Paul wrote most of the New Testament
Ezekiel --Ezekiel
Matthew- Matthew
Luke- Luke, Acts

"Each of the gospels narrates the life and death of Jesus of Nazareth. The traditional author is listed after each entry; scholarship has regarded these as anonymous.
- The Gospel of Matthew, traditionally ascribed to the Apostle Matthew, son of Alphaeus according to Papias, (see the Gospel according to the Hebrews) Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus and Eusebius.
- The Gospel of Mark, traditionally ascribed to Mark the Evangelist, who wrote down the recollections of the Apostle Simon Peter according to Papias, Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus, Eusebius.
- The Gospel of Luke, traditionally ascribed to Luke, a physician and companion of the Apostle Paul according to Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus, Eusebius, Canon Muratori.
- The Gospel of John, traditionally ascribed to the Apostle John, son of Zebedee according to Papias, Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus, Eusebius, Canon Muratori, Codex Vaticanus Alexandrinus."

"Examining style, phraseology, and other evidence, modern scholarship generally concludes that Acts and Luke share the same author.
Acts, traditionally ascribed to Luke according to Clement of Alexandria, Eusebius, Canon Muratori."

"The Pauline epistles (or Corpus Paulinum) constitute those epistles traditionally attributed to Paul. The authorship of a number of the other epistles is sometimes disputed"

"The final book of the New Testament is the Book of Revelation. The authorship is attributed either to the Apostle John, son of Zebedee or to John of Patmos."

[Many of those authorships are disputed:]

"The synoptic gospels, Matthew, Mark and Luke, unlike the other New Testament works, have a unique interrelationship. They describe many of the same events and attribute similar or identical sayings to Jesus. The dominant view among non-theologian scholars is the Two-Source Hypothesis. This hypothesis proposes that both Matthew and Luke drew significantly upon the Gospel of Mark and another common source, known as the "Q Source" (Q is derived from Quelle, the German word for "source"). However, the nature and even existence of Q is speculative, and scholars have proposed variants on the hypothesis which redefine or exclude it. Most pro-Q scholars believe that it was a single written document, while a few contest that "Q" was actually a number of documents or oral traditions. If it was a documentary source, no information about its author or authors can be obtained from the resources currently available. The traditional view supposes that Mark was written first, and Matthew and Luke drew from it and the second chronological work; and some scholars have attempted to use their modern methods to confirm the idea. An even smaller group of scholars espouse Lukan priority."

"To summarize, the only books for which there are solid authorship consensuses among modern critical scholars are the Pauline epistiles mentioned above, which are universally regarded as authentic, and Hebrews, which is nearly always rejected. The remaining nineteen books remain in dispute, some holding to the traditional view, and others regarding them as anonymous or pseudonymic."
Source and further information:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Testament

Further information:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorship_of_the_Pauline_epistles
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorship_of_the_Johannine_works