ANSWERS: 2
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No, it is made of puddle iron. This iron is the result of a special baking technique relying on swirling during the liquid phase to prevent the carbon and the impurities in the metal from associating. It was quite well used in the 19th century all over Europe.
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Yes. According to H.R. Schubert (The Steel Industry, article in A History of Technology, edited by C. Singer, E.J. Holmyard, A.R. Hall and T.I. Williams, vol.5, Clarendon Press, 1958, p. 63), the constructional material of the Eiffel Tower was steel produced in France by the Siemens-Martin process.
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