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A land perc test, also known as a percolation test, is used to determine the rate of absorption in soil prior to the design and installation of a septic tank system. Holes ranging from 6 to 12 inches in diameter and 12 to 24 inches deep are dug in the area of the proposed septic system, then filled at water. The rate at which the water level drops in the hole is measured over a specified time interval to determine the soil's absorption rate.
Source:
University of Minnesota Extension: How to Run a Percolation Test
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