Shingles is a condition caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes chicken pox. Though painful rash is a standard manifestation of this condition, there are additional concerns when shingles occurs on the face.

Identification

Two different forms of shingles may affect the face: Ramsay Hunt syndrome affects the ear and the face, while herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) affects primarily the eye. Shingles normally affects just one side of the body, including the face.

Ramsay Hunt Effects

According to MedlinePlus, Ramsay Hunt syndrome can lead to symptoms including one-sided hearing loss, weakness of the facial muscles which may cause a crooked smile, vertigo (a spinning feeling) and painful rash which may affect the ear drum, tongue or the roof of the mouth.

Ramsay Hunt Complications

Ramsay Hunt syndrome can cause permanent damage, especially when treatment is delayed. A complication called synkinesis may occur, in which a person may cry or blink while talking, laughing or chewing, according to MedlinePlus.

HZO Effects

According to Merck Manuals, the indications of herpes zoster ophthalmicus include tingling followed by painful rash on the forehead, swelling of the eyelids, too much blood in some layers of the eye, swelling of the cornea and heightened sensitivity to light.

HZO Complications

The possible complications of HZO include inflammation of the cornea and other layers of the eye which may cause scarring, glaucoma, cataract, recurring eye inflammation, abnormal blood vessel development and reduced feeling; decreased vision and blindness may also occur, according to Merck Manuals.

Considerations

It is important to seek prompt treatment if the symptoms of either Ramsay Hunt or HZO occur. Starting treatment soon after symptoms develop can minimize the chances of serious complications.

Source:

MedlinePlus: Ramsay Hunt syndrome

Merck Manuals: Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus