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  • Pulse oximetry is a quick and noninvasive method of measuring oxygen saturation in arterial blood. The results of a pulse oximetry test are not intended to stand alone; they are, however, a valuable part of a thorough evaluation.

    Normal Values

    According to the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, the normal pulse oximetry value in a healthy individual is 97 percent to 99 percent. A value of 95 percent or above is acceptable in an adult with a normal hemoglobin level.

    Function

    A pulse oximeter uses a light sensor to detect the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen. A sensor probe is placed on the body, typically on a finger, a great toe, an earlobe or on the nose. The sensor probe emits a light that passes through the skin and detects the amount of oxygenated hemoglobin.

    Standard Uses

    Pulse oximeters are utilized in a variety of health-care settings. Many hospitals, clinics and outpatient departments now include pulse oximeter results as a part of tests and routine vital signs. Pulse oximeter readings are also utilized in surgery, intensive care and newborn screenings.

    Potential Errors

    Oximetry.org and the American Journal of Critical Care describe a number of limitations regarding pulse oximetry accuracy. Some potential reasons for inaccurate readings are: Thickness of finger Skin color Skin temperature Nail polish Motion Light interference Poor sensor positioning Medical dyes Abnormal hemoglobin concentrations Circulation problems Burns Bilirubin

    Considerations

    Some medications and chronic health conditions cause abnormal pulse oximetry results. Examples of these conditions include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease and smoking. Consult your health-care provider with any questions and concerns you have about abnormal findings.

    Source:

    Oximetry.org

    American Association of Critical-Care Nurses: Oxygen Saturation Monitoring by Pulse Oximetry

    American Journal of Critical Care: New-Generation Pulse Oximetry in the Care of Critically Ill Patients

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