by 
The Curious Bag
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Any type of damage to the knee can cause a painful buildup of excess joint fluid called either fluid on the knee, water on the knee or knee joint effusion.
Background
Joints contain synovial fluid that nourishes the joint. When excess synovial fluid builds up in the knee, you have fluid on the knee. Sometimes, the fluid contains irritating crystals, bacteria or blood.
Injury
Injuries that can cause water on the knee joint include broken bones, meniscus tears, ligament tears and overuse injuries.
Medical Conditions
Underlying diseases and conditions that can damage the knee and cause excess fluid include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infection, gout or pseudogout, kneecap bursitis, cysts and tumors.
Risk Factors
According to the Mayo Clinic, high risk factors for developing fluid on the knee are having osteoarthritis, being overweight or doing sports that involve fast cut-and-run movements of the knee (for example, football or tennis).
Prevention
To prevent water on the knee from injury, treat the injury promptly and properly. If you have a chronic medical condition that might cause knee joint effusion, work with your healthcare provider to manage the condition and choose activities that are gentle on your knees.
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