Radioiodine therapy is a treatment used to treat thyroid conditions, including hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) as well as thyroid cancer. Although the treatment is targeted to affect only the thyroid, according to the American Cancer Society, there are some possible side effects.

Short Term

People who have radioiodine therapy may experience short-term tenderness in the neck; nausea and stomach upset; swollen and tender salivary glands; dry mouth; changes in taste; and, rarely, pain, according to the American Cancer Society.

Eyes

Radioidine therapy may lead to dry eyes because of decreased tear production. The American Cancer Society recommends discussing the impacts of radioiodine on wearing contact lenses.

Fertility

Men who have radioiodine therapy may have lowered sperm count or even become infertile, and women may develop long-term irregular periods. The American Cancer Society advises that women should not become pregnant for at least six months after radioiodine therapy.

Leukemia

The use of radioiodine therapy may put patients at slightly increased risk of developing future leukemia, according to the American Cancer Society.

Considerations

The risks and benefits of all cancer treatments, including radioiodine therapy, should be discussed with a doctor before treatment is initiated.

Warning

In order to prevent exposure of other people to radioactive iodine, doctors recommend a number of steps, like using separate restroom facilities and minimizing cooking for others, to an individual patient based on the amount of radioiodine given.

Source:

American Cancer Society: Radioactive Iodine (Radioiodine) Therapy

More Information:

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists: Radioiodine Therapy Information for Patients