The differential in a car lets the wheels turn at different speeds. This is necessary when turning corners. The outside wheel is turning faster than the inside. If the wheels receiving force from the engine turn at the same speed, the tires wear out and the car is hard to control. On the downside, the full slip differential lets you get stuck in the mud and lose control if one wheel hits an icy patch. A limited slip differential helps with this type problem.

What is the Differential

The differential is set of gears on the drive wheels of a car. This device regulates the power from the drive shaft so that if one wheel meets more resistance than the other, the differential causes the wheel with less resistance to move faster.

Limited Slip Differential

Limited slip differential is basically the same as the normal differential, except that the slip (difference in speeds) between the wheels is somewhat limited.

Problems with the Normal Differential

The normal differential is great for saving rubber on your tires. Without the differential, the inside tire on a turn is basically skidding and eating rubber. The normal differential also lets you make more controlled curves. However, if you get stuck in the mud or snow, or somehow one drive wheel is off the ground, the wheel with least resistance turns, and you stay stuck.

The Limited Slip Differential Helps You come Unstuck

The limited slip differential still allows the drive wheel with the least resistance (ie. the outside wheel on a turn) to turn faster. It does, however, give your car some power to the wheel that is offering more resistance. This will help you get unstuck from the snow or mud.

Limited Slip Differential Today

The limited slip differential traditionally has been a mechanically based device. On some of the more advanced models, it is actually possible to adjust the amount of slip. Today in 2010 you can also get a limited slip differential that is electronically controlled.

Source:

MIT:Car Differentials

University of Michigan:Recent Advancement and

More Information:

People.Physics ANU:Limited Slip Differential