Causes

The primary cause of physiologic jaundice is an overabundance of bilirubin, the byproduct of worn out red blood cells. The liver processes bilirubin, which is eliminated from the body through the stool. The rigors of birth break down a large number of red blood cells, resulting in high levels of bilirubin. A newborn's immature liver cannot handle this load of bilirubin, and the build up causes the yellow tinting.

Prevalence

A majority of newborns, preemies in particular, experience some level of jaundice during the first weeks of life. Jaundice is the single most common reason newborns receive medical treatment.

Treatment

Some cases of physiologic jaundice disappear without treatment within a week or two. Your doctor may recommend more frequent feedings to help flush bilirubin from the baby's system. Phototherapy (light therapy) is the most common treatment. Wearing only a diaper and protective eye coverings, the baby is placed under a therapeutic light. The skin absorbs light waves and bilirubin is converted to a more easily eliminated, water-soluble substance.

Side Effects of Treatment

Babies undergoing phototherapy commonly experience frequent, greenish stools. This is normal, as the bilirubin is being eliminated from the body.

Historical Note

Physiologic jaundice may first have been described in Chinese literature a thousand years ago.

Source:

Jaundice Overview

Treatment

Prevalence

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