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The Curious Bag
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A Tzanck test, also known as a Tzanck smear, is a simple test that can be performed to check for a small number of viral infections. This includes the sexually transmitted disease (STD) genital herpes.
Identification
In addition to genital herpes, a Tzanck smear can be used to diagnose other diseases caused by herpes viruses, as well as pemphigus autoimmune diseases, according to Murat Durdu of the Department of Dermatology at Başkent University.
Procedure
In a Tzanck smear, a sample is taken from a skin sore with a scalpel. The sample is then stained with Wright-Giemsa stain, according to Merck Manuals.
Significance
The Tzanck smear is used to look for multinucleated giant cells (large cells that have more than one nucleus) that occur in herpes and related conditions, according to Merck Manuals.
Benefits
Tzanck testing is valued because it is inexpensive and easy to perform, according to Durdu.
Considerations
Tzanck testing cannot be used to check for other STDs. People seeking out further STD testing should consult Planned Parenthood or the Harm Reduction Coalition.
Source:
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology; Tzanck Smear Test Study
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