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  • Metastatic colon cancer is a cancer that begins in the digestive system, more specifically, the colon. It then spreads to other parts of the body. Colon cancer presents itself in several stages, each with varying prognoses.

    Formation

    Metastatic colon cancer first begins with abnormally dividing cells in the colon. These cells can form growths or tumors. If the tumor is malignant, these cells may move into other organs or system. This is when it becomes metastatic.

    Causes

    One cause of colon cancer may be a diet rich in fat. Another cause can be benign colon polyps that can turn into cancer later on. One of the greatest causes of colon cancer is genetics, however. Adults with a family history of the cancer are three times more likely to suffer from this cancer as well.

    Pre-Metastatic Stages

    In stages 0, 1, and 2, the cancer remains with the lining or walls of the colon and has not yet metastasized. Stage 0 is the earliest stage and the cancer is only in the innermost part of the colon. In stage 1, the cancer is extending to the first few layers of the colon walls. By stage 2, the cancer has reached through to the muscular wall of the colon.

    Metastasis

    In stage 3, the cancer has moved to at least one lymph node. The next stage, stage four, is when the cancer moved to organs such as the liver or the lungs and may include some or all lymph nodes.

    Prognosis

    Prognosis is best when the cancer is diagnosed at stage 0 and get progressively worse towards the later stages. In the first two stages, relative five year survival rates are around 90 percent. By stage 2, that percentage drops to about 70 percent; in stage 3, it drops to 56 percent. By stage 4, survival rates for at least five years after diagnosis drop to less than 10 percent.

    Source:

    Colon Cancer

    Staging Colon and Rectal Cancer

    How Is Colorectal Cancer Staged?

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