by 
The Curious Bag
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The human eye is filled with a fluid that normally flows in and out of its interior. If the drainage path is blocked, pressure can build. Over time this damages the optic nerve and can cause irreversible loss of vision.
Causes
Increased intraocular pressure is usually associated with a disorder called glaucoma. It may also be caused by a number of other conditions including eye injury, a tumor, or diabetes. Most glaucoma is hereditary. It is more common in people over 65 and more often strikes those of African, Asian or Spanish ancestry.
Symptoms
High eye pressure is called the silent thief of sight because there are often no symptoms associated with it until vision begins to decline. There can be pain, nausea, and reddening of the eye, but usually there is not.
Effects
Blind spots may develop as fibers in the optic nerve are damaged. Eventually total blindness will result if the disease is left untreated.
Treatment
Depending on the cause of the elevated pressure, it may be treatable with surgery. The usual treatment for glaucoma involves medication to reduce and control the pressure to safe levels.
Prevention
Routine eye exams should be performed every two years for most adults and more often for those in the high-risk group for glaucoma.
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