Definition of Hypertension

During the course of a day our blood pressure fluctuates, rising and falling. When blood pressure is measured at 140/90 or higher consistently, this is high blood pressure, or hypertension.

Types of Hypertension

There are two types of hypertension: primary and secondary. If you have primary hypertension, the cause is unspecific; however, it is usually associated with lifestyle. Ninety to 95 percent of people have this type of hypertension. Secondary hypertension is attributed to a preexisting medical condition, such as kidney failure.

Causes

Diet, stress, lack of physical activity, over-the-counter drugs, tobacco, caffeine and high intake of alcohol or sodium are all factors that can adversely affect blood pressure.

Effects

Hypertension can damage coronary arteries, the brain, the eyes, the kidneys, as well as causing hardening of the arteries. It leads to heart disease and stroke, the first and third major causes of death among Americans.

Prevention/Solution

Visit your physician and have your blood pressure checked regularly. Controlling stress, exercising, restricting sodium and improving your diet are ways to prevent and control hypertension.

Source:

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

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