ANSWERS: 1
  • The definition of alcoholism has gone through a number of transformations over the years. Originally, alcoholics were considered to be morally deficient, but, as time has passed, the American Psychology Association (APA) has come to recognize the disorder as a clearly defined mental illness.

    Working definition

    The working definition of alcoholism is a disease that makes your body dependent on alcohol. It is characterized by an inability to control your drinking, despite the problems it creates.

    Diagnosing alcoholism

    The APA's prime source for diagnosing mental disorders, the Diagnosis and Statistics Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) splits alcoholism into two categories, the less serious alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.

    Alcohol abuse

    The DSM outlines four criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse. The criteria are: role impairment, hazardous use such as drunk driving, legal problems related to alcohol and social problems related to alcohol. Someone with an alcohol abuse problem will demonstrate one or more of the symptoms for at least a year.

    Alcohol dependence

    The DSM outlines seven criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol dependence. The criteria are: tolerance, alcohol withdrawal, drinking more than intended, failed attempts to cut back, excessive time spent on alcohol, impaired work or social activities, and continued use despite the consequences. Anyone who exhibits three or more of the criteria for at least a year is considered to be dependent.

    Other symptoms

    Other commonly recognized signs of alcoholism are not codified by the DSM. These include drinking alone, blacking out, ritual drinking, feeling a compulsion to drink and drinking alcohol to feel normal.

    Source:

    The Mayo Clinic: Alcoholism

    FamilyPracticeNotebook.com: Alcohol Abuse DSM-IV Criteria

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