by 
The Curious Bag
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A bevel gear is used in a system in which two shafts intersect and the teeth are conically shaped. This enables the teeth to remain flush even in situations where the two shafts are 90 degrees apart.
Purpose
A bevel gear allows a shaft spinning at one orientation to drive a shaft of perpendicular orientation by means of cone shaped teeth that contact one another. Most notably, this is used for the final drive gear in most automobiles.
Miter gears
Miter gears are bevel gears that drive one another, but have the same amount of teeth, resulting in a 1:1 spin ratio. This is useful for transferring spin to a new angle in mechanical projects.
Ordinary Teeth
Traditionally, the drive gear of a bevel gear system sits between the teeth of the gear being driven. The teeth are perpendicular to the central axis of the shaft. When engaged, the teeth push against one another, resulting in a transfer of power.
Curved Teeth
Many newer implementations of bevel gears have a curved tooth system. This means that the teeth themselves are curved along the outer edge, resulting in a more gradual, less brash contact between the gears.
Common Uses
The many common uses of bevel gears include differential drives, hand-held drills, shaft-driven motorcycles and bicycles, and roto-craft drive systems.
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