What antibiotics should be used for gum disease?

Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is a serious bacterial infection of the gums and/or bone that surround and support teeth. Gum disease can affect one or several teeth, and it begins when the bacteria found in plaque irritate and inflame the gums. If left untreated, gum disease can destroy the bones and tissue that support teeth, which in turn can cause loose teeth that may need to be removed. Treatment options include tooth and root cleansing, periodontal surgery and laser therapy. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to control the growth of bacteria while other forms of treatment are pursued.

Prescription Anti-microbial Mouth Rinse

An anti-microbial mouth rinse that contains chlorhexidine is used to control the amount of bacteria present during the treatment of gum disease and after any type of gum surgery. You would use this mouth rinse just as you would use a regular mouthwash.

Antiseptic Chips

A small piece of chlorhexidine-containing gelatin is placed in the gum pockets surrounding tooth roots that have been cleaned. The medication is slowly released to reduce the size of the pockets and control the growth of bacteria.

Antibiotic Gel

A gel containing the antibiotic doxycycline is placed directly in the gum pockets after the tooth roots have been scaled and cleaned. The gel releases the antibiotic over a 7-day period, and it reduces the size of the pockets and controls the growth of bacteria.

Antibiotic Micro-Spheres

Antibiotic micro-spheres are tiny, round particles that are placed in gum pockets after scaling and cleaning. The particles contain minocycline, which is an antibiotic that is released slowly over a period of time. It serves to reduce the size of the pockets and control bacterial growth.

Prevention

Prevent gum disease by brushing your teeth with a fluoride toothpaste at least twice a day. Floss once a day, and rinse your mouth with water after meals. Don't smoke or use chewing tobacco products. Visit your dentist for regular teeth cleanings and checkups, and if you suspect you may have a mild case of gum disease, make an appointment with your dentist right away.

Source:

American Academy of Periodontology: Types of Gum Disease

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research: Periodontal (Gum) Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

WebMD: Gum Disease