Helicobacter pylori, commonly referred to as H. pylori, is a bacterial infection located in the stomach and smaller intestine, and may cause peptic ulcers. Those who have H. pylori often do not end up developing ulcers, but a variety of tests are used to detect the bacteria in a person. According to the Mayo Clinic, half of the world's population may have the H. pylori bacteria, making it a common but treatable infection.

Cause and Symptoms

H. pylori may be passed around after coming into contact with infected fecal matter, saliva or untreated water. Individuals who have H. pylori got it through the mouth, where it settled in the digestive tract. Symptoms of the bacteria include achiness in the stomach area, vomiting, bloating, excess gas or nausea. If you have symptoms such as severe pain in the abdomen, or blood in vomit or bowel movements seek medical attention immediately. If you have any of the mild symptoms for longer than two days, ask a physician to check for H. pylori.

Test Procedure

According to the Mayo Clinic, there are four tests that may be done to determine if you have H. Pylori. A blood sample, taken from a prick in the finger may be used to determine if the bacterial infection is present in the body. A breath test can also determine if there is H. pylori in the system. To do the breath test, you will need to drink a mixture that has radioactive carbon molecules in it. If your stomach contains the H. pylori bacteria, the carbon breaks down and is released through the breath. A physician will have you breathe into a bag, and then a device is used to test for carbon, confirming the presence of H. pylori. The third test, using a sample of a bowel movement, is taken to a lab for testing of antigens known to belong to the H. pylori bacteria. Finally, the last test is the use of a flexible tube with an attached camera known as an endoscope, to examine the stomach and esophagus. Examining the digestive tract will help your physician see any abnormalities and take a tissue sample if necessary.

Medication

Once your physician has determined you have H. pylori, she will give you a combination of antibiotics to kill the bacteria. A 14-day supply of antibiotics is given, in addition to an acid-reducing medication. Reducing acid helps the antibiotics become increasingly effective for healing.

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H. Pylori Infection

H. Pylori and Peptic Ulcer