by 
The Curious Bag
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As a computer gets older, its processing of programs can take longer. While some of this slowdown can be blamed on too many files or a possible virus, the problem is most likely because of fragmentation.
Background
Writing a file to disk fragments its pieces into noncontinuous clusters. This can slow file handling, especially when clusters are far apart, because the read/write head of the hard drive needs to travel to access information.
Defragmenting
Defragmenting is the process of moving the clusters around to make them continuous, which speeds file handling.
Tool
Many operating systems have built-in defragmentation tools. For example, in Windows XP, you can right-click on the disk through "My Computer," click "Properties," choose the "Tools" tab and select "Defragment."
Program
If your system lacks built-in utilities, you can buy a commercial program. Its advantage is that it operates in the background so you can continue normal computer tasks while it works.
Timing
Depending on how much you use your system, defragment it at least once a month. Otherwise, if you process information for several hours a day, try once a week.
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