What are the main differences between raster and vector artwork? How do you decide whether raster or vector is appropriate for a project? Describe one advantage and disadvantage of using raster vs. vector artwork

Raster is pixel based, aka "bitmap." Photos are raster and each pixel contains color information. This can make for very beautiful prints and images, unless the pixels are noticeable. This happens when a raster image is sized up and you start to see the "stair-stepping" around curves.
The nice thing about raster is that you can paint in them and manipulate the pixels pretty easily without effecting the whole design. If you're good you can make it realistic, like this crazy amazing man: http://www.dylancolestudio.com/

Vector is based on nodes (or points) which create mathematical curves and paths. The point to point creates smooth lines and can be sized up infinitely without creating those nasty pixel stairs.
The bad thing about vector is that it never really looks real, except with artists like these crazy people who spend crazy time on crazy amazing stuff: http://www.vectorvault.com/2009/10/22/vector-realism-rawlings-baseball-glove/

Other info:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_graphics

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What are the main differences between raster and vector artwork? How do you decide whether raster or vector is appropriate for a project? Describe one advantage and disadvantage of using raster vs. vector artwork

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