What does the Koran have to tell us about the origins of life on Earth? Presumably it does not feature the couple commonly known as Adam and Eve in its historical account?

Oh, yes, it does. The Koran repeats the story of Adam and Eve, and even the story of Cain and Abel. See 2:31 for one Adam and Eve reference.

The Koran supports a Creationist view of everything, not only life. Yahweh created humans from a clot of blood.

"He it is Who created for you all that is in the earth. Then turned He to the heaven, and fashioned it as seven heavens. And He is knower of all things." 2:29

"Verily We created man from a product of wet earth; Then placed him as a drop (of seed) in a safe lodging; Then fashioned We the drop a clot, then fashioned We the clot a little lump, then fashioned We the little lump bones, then clothed the bones with flesh, and then produced it as another creation. So blessed be Allah, the Best of creators!" 23:12-14

--> You will also be interested to know that the Sun sets in a muddy spring.

"Till, when he reached the setting-place of the sun, he found it setting in a muddy spring, and found a people thereabout. We said: O Dhu'l-Qarneyn! Either punish or show them kindness." 18:86

"And the sun runneth on unto a resting-place for him. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Wise." 36:38

--> The Sun also has a rising place. It also travels across the Earth (the Earth is flat). Allah performed the miraculous deed of creating the Heavens without a visible means of support.

"Allah it is Who raised up the heavens without visible supports, then mounted the Throne, and compelled the sun and the moon to be of service, each runneth unto an appointed term; He ordereth the course; He detaileth the revelations, that haply ye may be certain of the meeting with your Lord." 13:2

"Till, when he reached the rising-place of the sun, he found it rising on a people for whom We had appointed no shelter therefrom." 18:90

"And He it is Who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon. They float, each in an orbit." 21:33

--> The Moon is a light.

"And hath made the moon a light therein, and made the sun a lamp ?" 71:16

--> The Stars were created as missiles to throw at devils.

"And verily We have beautified the world's heaven with lamps, and We have made them missiles for the devils, and for them We have prepared the doom of flame." 67:5

--> The Earth is flat (spread-out), and does not move from its fixed position.

"And He it is Who spread out the earth and placed therein firm hills and flowing streams, and of all fruits He placed therein two spouses (male and female). He covereth the night with the day. Lo! herein verily are portents for people who take thought." 13:3

"And the earth have We spread out, and placed therein firm hills, and caused each seemly thing to grow therein." 15:19

"Is not He (best) Who made the earth a fixed abode, and placed rivers in the folds thereof, and placed firm hills therein, and hath set a barrier between the two seas ? Is there any God beside Allah ? Nay, but most of them know not!" 27:61

"And the earth have We spread out, and have flung firm hills therein, and have caused of every lovely kind to grow thereon," 50:7

"And the earth have We laid out, how gracious is the Spreader (thereof)!" 51:48

"Have We not made the earth an expanse, And the high hills bulwarks?" 78:6-7

"He spread the earth." 79:30

"And the earth, how it is spread?" 88:20

"And the earth and Him Who spread it," 91:6

This is a fairly good view of what the Koran says about Creation, and the nature of what was Created (and how).

The Bible and the Koran share the creation story and the early stories up intil Abraham, whose illegitimate child Ishmael was disowned and sent upon his way when Abraham's previously barren wife was granted a child by the grace of God called Isaac, father of the tribes of Israel.

Islam follows the story of Ishmael and his descendents.

In this way, Judaism, Christianity and Islam are descended from the exact same mythology. I am an atheist and I know this. Where is the knowledge that breeds tolerance in this world?